Evaluation of multi-drug resistant isolates associated with clinical infections from two hospitals in the Dhaka region, Bangladesh

Mahmudul Hasan Masud¹, Md. Sajedur Rahman¹, Nusrat Jahan¹, Atikur Rahman Titas¹, Zakaria Ahmed Sany¹, Fahim Faysal¹, Umma Hany Sawon², Md. Aoulad Hosen^1,3

Keywords: Multi-drug Resistant, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Gram-Positive Bacteria, Disc Diffusion method

DOI: 10.18231/j.yjom.2024.007

DOI URL: http://doi.org/10.18231/j.yjom.2024.007

Publish Date: 11-09-2024

Pages: 114 - 121

Downloads: 3

Author Affiliation:

¹Dept. of Microbiology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
²Dept. of Pharmacy, Comilla University, Comilla, Bangladesh
³Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University,
Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance represents a significant global health concern, particularly with the rise of multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Overuse of antibiotics has been identified as a primary driver of this phenomenon, as exposure to these drugs can lead to developing resistance in microorganisms. This study aims to investigate the incidence of MDR-resistant isolates in clinical samples (blood, urine and pus) collected from patients at Gonoshasthya Somaj vittik Medical College & Hospital and LABAID Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods: The research was conducted for 12 months from July 2022 to June 2023.Cultural and biochemical tests were performed to isolate and identify the bacterial isolates from different clinical samples. Antibiograms were determined using the disc diffusion method with ten commercially available broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Results:  A total of 146 isolates including Gram-positive, Gram-negative and fungal strains were isolated and identified through standard biochemical tests. We recorded 37.73% MDR E. coli and 55.55% Staphylococcus spp. In this research, where the highest number of MDR E. coli found in urine samples was 45% and MDR Staphylococcus spp. Found 66.67% in the pus sample of examined patients, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed significant resistance patterns among the isolates. E. coli showed high resistance rates in Azithromycin 100%, followed by Aztreonam 90%, and Amoxyclave 75%, whereas Staphylococcus spp. notably resistance in Penicillin-G and Cefixitin at 100% followed by Tetracycline at 86.67% and Erythromycin at 73.33% respectively.

Conclusion: These findings underscore the urgent need for effective management strategies due to high antibiotic resistance in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Understanding bacterial resistance patterns is essential for guiding treatment and infection control in clinical settings. Our research highlights the immediate need to discover new antibiotics for treating human multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections.