yemenjmedYemen Journal of MedicinecoVolume 4 Issue 3MultidisciplinaryEnglishSeptember- December 2025NNY20251231ArticleThyroid Dysfunction as a Contributing Factor to Subfertility in Women: Evidence From a Cross-Sectional StudyEnglishY554563UmmeSumyia1EnglishNNafisaAbedin2EnglishYMd. ShayedatUllah3EnglishYKhaledHassan3EnglishYShirazumMunira4EnglishYFarhadAhmed5EnglishYIndiraRoy6EnglishYAfrozaBegum7EnglishYMd.Arifuzzaman8EnglishYIsratRezwana9EnglishYMitaDutta10EnglishYMd. ShafikulIslam11EnglishYMohammad AminulIslam12EnglishY10.63475/yjm.v4i3.0220Background: Hypothyroidism is an important cause of female subfertility. It is increasingly recognized that early detection and treatment can improve reproductive outcomes. This study assessed the frequency and types of hypothyroidism among women presenting with subfertility. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 59 subfertile women at BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from March 2018 to February 2023. Thyroid status was classified as euthyroid (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], 0.45–4.12 mIU/L), subclinical hypothyroid (TSH, 4.12–10 mIU/L), or overt hypothyroid (TSH >10 mIU/L). Researchers analyzed clinical, biochemical, and demographic data using SPSS v. 25. Statistical tests included t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression. Significance was set at P < 0.05. Ethical approval was obtained from the BIRDEM Ethical Review Committee. Results: Participants had a mean age of 30.9 ± 0.6 years and a body mass index of 28.2 ± 4.0 kg/m². Thyroid dysfunction was found in 32.2% of women—20.3% with subclinical and 11.9% with overt hypothyroidism—while 67.8% were euthyroid. Primary subfertility accounted for 76.3% of cases. Family history of thyroid disease, TSH level, and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody status significantly differed between thyroid-function groups (P < 0.05). Nearly half (49.2%) had a TSH level greater than 2.5 mIU/L, which was strongly associated with TPO antibody positivity (P = 0.002). Conclusions: A notable proportion of subfertile women had thyroid dysfunction, mostly subclinical hypothyroidism. Routine thyroid screening—especially for women with elevated TSH or a family history of thyroid disease—should be integrated into infertility workups to support early management and improved reproductive outcomes.EnglishSubfertility, hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, thyroid dysfunctionhttps://www.yemenjmed.com/admin/abstract?id=294References1619