yemenjmedYemen Journal of MedicinecoVolume 4 Issue 2MultidisciplinaryEnglishMay-August 2025NNY20250922ArticleAssessment of Ethanolic Extract of Ocimum sanctum Whole Plant (OSWP) in Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage in RatsEnglishY399404HinaImran1EnglishNTehminaSohail2EnglishYRashid AliKhan3EnglishYWasifIqbal4EnglishYMaimoonaRahman5EnglishY10.63475/yjm.v4i2.0153Background: Previously, Ocimum sanctum (Lamiaceae), commonly known as holy basil, has been noted for its anti-ulcer properties, primarily attributed to its oil and leaf extracts. However, the anti-ulcer activity of an ethanolic extract derived from the whole plant has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the antiulcer effect of the ethanolic extract of O. sanctum whole plant (OSWP) in an experimental ulcer model. Methods: The study, conducted at PCSIR Labs Complex in Karachi in August 2024, was approved by the Ethical Use of Experimental Animals Committee (IEC/OSWP-05). This study investigates the anti-ulcer activity of an ethanolic extract of OSWP in a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage at 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg body weight, with ranitidine (50 mg/kg) used as a positive control. Outcome measures included ulcer index (UI), percentage protection, and gastric pH. Results: The ethanolic extract of OSWP demonstrated dose-dependent gastroprotective effects. At 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg, the UIs were 9.49 ± 2.40, 4.55 ± 1.44, and 2.5 ±2.25, respectively, with corresponding protection ranging from 48.9% to 86.54% for the 200 to 400 mg/kg doses (p < 0.05). Gastric pH increased from 5.6 to 7.6. In comparison, ranitidine (50 mg/kg) resulted in a UI of 4.0 ± 0.88, 78.47% protection (p < 0.05), and a pH of 7.0. Conclusions: The study demonstrates the dose-dependent anti-ulcer activity in the ethanolic extract of OSWP, which may be further developed as a potential anti-ulcer agent. A graphical presentation of the whole experimental process is shown in Figure 1.EnglishO. sanctum whole plant (OSWP), ethanol-induced ulcer model, ulcer index, % protectionhttps://www.yemenjmed.com/admin/abstract?id=231References1619