yemenjmedYemen Journal of MedicinecoVolume 4 Issue 2MultidisciplinaryEnglishMay-August 2025NNY20250922ArticleRenal Mass: Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Strategies, Management, and Outcomes: A Comprehensive UpdateEnglishY214237ElmukhtarHabas1EnglishNAmnnaRayani2EnglishYAbdulsalamAbograra3EnglishYEshrakHabas4EnglishYBaderAllagi5EnglishYAmlHabas6EnglishYKhaledAlarbi7EnglishYAlaHabas4EnglishYRadwanMazen8EnglishYElmehdiErrayes7EnglishY10.63475/yjm.v4i2.0113Kidney mass lesions are common and are often discovered accidentally. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents approximately 5% of all cancers. Men have a two-fold higher likelihood of developing the disease and experience a higher mortality rate than females. The differences between the genders are attributed to individual variations, including hereditary factors, underlying medical conditions, genetics, lifestyle, hormonal factors, and others, such as hypertension and obesity. Renal tumors are usually asymptomatic; however, hematuria, dull aching flank pain, and lower abdomen pain can present symptoms. A tissue biopsy is typically unnecessary but may be required in certain cases. Men tend to exhibit larger and more severe tumors. Radiology tools application is helpful for early diagnosis and follow-up. Partial or radial nephrectomy is an effective curative therapy in localized renal masses. Nevertheless, immunotherapy, cryotherapy, and sometimes chemotherapy are used, especially in high-income nations. In this review, epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, presentation, diagnosis, and kidney mass management will be reviewed and updated. Different keywords and phrases, such as kidney malignancy, renal cancer, epidemiology of kidney cancer, nephrectomy in kidney masses, and management of renal cell tumors, were used to search PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google, and Google Scholar for new reviews and original articles and new comments with updates that were published between January 2019 and May 2025.EnglishKidney cancer, renal cell carcinoma, RCC prevalence, renal cancer stages, risk factors, RCC outcomeshttps://www.yemenjmed.com/admin/abstract?id=211References1619